Tajikistan > Impacts by Sector > Energy
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Tajikistan
Explore the overview for a general context of how vulnerable and resilient Tajikistan is to climate change. Explore climate impact and vulnerability by sector. View the results of the Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment for Tajikistan. Explore the various options for climate adaptation in key sectors.
Energy
The energy sector is linked to climate variability and change in numerous ways. On one side, global energy production is a strong contributor to the drivers of climate change, namely through the emission of greenhouse gases. On the other side, it is also exposed to the diverse impacts of climate variability and change through changes in energy supply (e.g. disruption of operations and distribution) and demand (growing populations and evolving power needs). The consequences can be complex, yet they are often both positive and negative.
Some of the most direct inpats that climate change might have on the energy sector are listed below:
Fossil fuels require water for cooling. An increase in the temperature of the water bodies will inevitably cause a decrease in cooling capacity. Furthermore, water discharged into the environment from the cooling systems will result in a higher temperature, thus increasing the risk to the natural environment. It is expected that the energy required for cooling will increase as much as 25%. Also, a reduction in generation effectivity and transmission capacity are anticipated.
More precipitation will mean more water in the rivers and increase the potential for hydropower. However, the occurrence of more extreme precipitation means that reservoirs will need to increase their ability to buffer dangerous floods, thus reducing the overall efficiency of hydropower schemes.
Due to the increased risk of flooding, normal operation levels will have to be lowered, thus reducing the overall production efficiency of hydropower schemes. Furthermore, a risk of flood may hinder energy transmission and transportation. Additionally, more intense flooding will result in greater sediment transport, water turbidity and the wear-and-tear of mechanical equipment.
Droughts limit the availability of water that is needed for cooling fossil fuel plants, thus reducing overall energy production. To account for more frequent droughts, reservoirs will need to store more water, which will affect hydropower production.
Sector Vulnerability
Energy in Tajikistan may expect a decrease in cooling capacity for fossil energy. Tajikistan's significant hydropower facilities may temporarily augment their productivity thanks to greater glacier melt, but may be otherwise offset by heavy precipitation in the mountainous region with significant runoff that cannot be harvested effectively. For the southern and western provinces, the transmission capacity will be negatively influenced by the increase of heat.