Turkmenistan > Impacts by Sector > Energy
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Energy
The energy sector in Turkmenistan is linked to climate variability and change in numerous ways. Global energy production is a strong contributor to the drivers of climate change, namely through the greenhouse gass emission. The energy sector is also exposed to the diverse impacts of climate variability and change through changes in energy supply (e.g. disruption of operations and distribution) and demand (growing populations and evolving power needs). The consequences can be complex, yet they are often a mix of positive and negative.
Some of the most direct impacts that climate change might have on the energy sector in Turkmenistan are listed below:
Fossil fuels require water for cooling. An increase in the temperature of the water bodies will inevitably cause a decrease in cooling capacity. Furthermore, water discharged into the environment from the cooling systems will result in a higher temperature, thus increasing the risk to the natural environment. It is expected that the energy required for cooling will increase as much as 25%. Also, a reduction in generation effectivity and transmission capacity are anticipated.
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Due to the increased risk of flooding, normal operation levels will have to be lowered. Furthermore, flood risks may hinder energy transmission and transportation. The more intense flooding will result in greater sediment transport, water turbidity and the wear-and-tear of mechanical equipment.
Droughts limit the availability of water required for cooling fossil fuel plants, thus reducing overall energy production. To account for more frequent droughts, reservoirs will need to retain more water, which will affect any hydropower production or development.
Sector Vulnerability
Energy in Turkmenistan may expect decreased cooling capacity for fossil energy, hydropower on the Amu Darya may become more productive in the short- to medium-term thanks to water received from glacier melt, but these gains may be offset in the long-term by more severe precipitation. For the southern and western provinces, the transmission capacity will be negatively influenced by hotter temperatures.